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Ascorbic acid in urine is a common indicator of how the body processes excess Ascorbic acid, also known as Vitamin C. Vitamin C is a vital nutrient that supports various functions, including immune health and collagen production. However, when the body has more ascorbic acid than it needs, the excess is typically excreted through urine. …
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Detecting bilirubin in urine, a condition known as bilirubinuria is often a sign that something is affecting the liver or biliary system. It could indicate conditions such as liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or even excessive red blood cell destruction. Understanding the causes and implications of bilirubin in urine is vital for early detection and…
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The UEC blood test, also known as the Urea, Electrolytes, and Creatinine test, provides crucial information about kidney function and electrolyte balance. It measures the levels of three key components in your blood: urea, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride), and creatinine. The primary purpose of the UEC blood test is to assess the health of…
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Liver function tests are essential for evaluating liver health and diagnosing diseases. If you’re wondering, what is the liver function test price in Kenya? the answer depends on factors like the healthcare facility, its location, and whether the test is part of a comprehensive package. This article provides an in-depth look at liver function tests,…
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The presence of uribilinogen in urine can reveal vital information about your health. Urobilinogen is a naturally occurring byproduct formed during the breakdown of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. While the body produces urobilinogen as part of its normal processes, its presence in urine can reveal…
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These examples of Acid-fast bacteria (AFB) comprise a unique group of microorganisms characterized by their ability to resist decolorization by acid-alcohol during staining processes. This property is due to mycolic acids—long-chain fatty acids in their cell walls that give these bacteria distinct structural and functional characteristics. The acid-fast staining technique, such as the Ziehl-Neelsen or…
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Gerhardt’s test is a classic diagnostic tool used in clinical and laboratory settings to detect the presence of ketones, particularly in urine samples. First introduced in the late 19th century, the test leverages a simple chemical reaction involving ferric chloride to produce a distinctive color change, making it a straightforward and cost-effective method for preliminary…
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Ketones in urine appear when the liver breaks down fat for energy instead of using carbohydrates. This process, known as ketosis, typically occurs during fasting, prolonged exercise, or following a low-carb diet. While small amounts of ketones in the body are normal, their presence in urine—known as ketonuria—can indicate a range of physiological conditions, from…
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Rothera’s test is used to detect ketone bodies in urine, which are by-products of fat metabolism in the body. These by-products include acetoacetic acid (2%), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (78%), and acetone (2%). Acetoacetic acid and acetone are commonly referred to as true ketone bodies. This test is qualitative, meaning it shows whether ketones are present or…
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In this guideline, we shall prepare 0.9% of normal saline. Laboratory preparation of normal saline is a simple procedure that requires sodium chloride and distilled water